What is IP Address?
IP Address or the Internet Protocol is a unique
number consisting of 4 parts separated by dots,
e.g. 192.168.1.21 . Every machine that is on the
Internet / LAN has a unique IP number – if a
machine does not have an IP number, it is not
really on the Internet. Many machines (especially
servers) also have one or more Domain Names
that correspond to an individual IP number, that are
easier for people to remember.
Even your system has “obtain IP address
automatically” asigned in TCP/IP Settings, which
isnt shows you the IP asigned to your system, it
has the IP address alocated automatically by the
TCP/IP, to view it goto START, which will show you
the IP, Subnetmask, Default Gamteway asigned to
your system
The IP Address is made of 32 binary bits, which is
dividable into network and host side with the help
of subnetmask.
The 32 bits are divided into 4 octets (1 octets = 8
bits). Each octet is converted to decimal value and
is separated ny the dot (.), thats whay the IP is
also called as dotted decimal format. The each
octate can be ranged from 0 to 255 in decimal
format or 00000000 – 11111111 in binary format.
for dotted decimal format example is common IP
address: 192.168.1.25.
The Binary Octetes of the IP Address
192.168.1.25 is:
11000000 10101000 00000001 00011001
32-Bit Binary of the IP 192.168.1.25 is:
11000000101010000000000100011001
you can convert your decimal format IP address to
binary format using the link: http://
www.allredroster.com/
What are IP Address Classes?
The class of an address specified which of the bits
were used to identify the network, the network ID,
or which bits were used to identify the host ID,
host computer. It also defined the total number of
hosts subnets per network. There are five classes
of IP addresses:
IP addresses are divided into five IP classes:
IP address class A
IP address class B
IP address class C
IP address class D
IP address class E
How the IP Address Class is Allocated?
All IP addresses are placed in a particular class
based on the decimal values
of their first octets. In the first octet, an IP address
can start with a decimal value
between 1 and 255.
IP class A addresses have first octets with a
decimal number from 1 to 127. Example:
27.x.y.z
102.x.y.z
IP class B addresses have first octets with a
decimal number from 128 to 191.Example:
128.x.y.z
151.x.y.z
IP class C addresses have first octets with a
decimal number from 192 to 223.Example:
192.x.y.z
223.x.y.z
IP class D addresses have decimal values from
224 to 239 in the first octet, and the 4 leftmost bits
are 1110.Example:
224.x.y.z
239.x.y.z
IP class E. IP class E addresses range from 240 to
255
in the first octet, and the 4 leftmost bits are 1111.
Example:
240.x.y.z
255.x.y.z
The system of IP class addresses has been set up
to help ensure assignment of
unique IP addresses.
DHCP discover, DHCP offer, DHCP request, and
DHCP acknowledgment are
are four steps in getting an IP address from a
DHCP server.
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